1. MATHEMATICS

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1.13 NUMBERS

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mathematics
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From: Eike Michaelis (E.Michaelis#NoSpam.gmx.de)

When a mathematician writes a Fantasy book, wil the page numbers be
imaginary numbers?

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From: a94petbe#NoSpam.ida.his.se (Peter Bengtsson)

In modern mathematics, algebra has become so important that
numbers will soon only have symbolic meaning.

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From: chrisman#NoSpam.ucdmath.ucdavis.edu (Mark Chrisman)

Most prime numbers are even.
Proof: pick up any math text and look for a prime number. The first one you find will probably be even.


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The dumbos^H^H^H^H^H^Hpeople at my lab heard above joke and told me 1 was the first prime. So we went to check. In the van Dale dictionary (the Dutch version of Websters) we found: "A prime number is a number that is only divisible by itself." Apparently we only have one prime number in the Netherlands....

It must be intentional; an older version had the usual definition.


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Special Category: Definitions and terms

Once upon a time, when I was training to be a mathematician, a group of us bright young students taking number theory discovered the names of the smaller prime numbers.

2:  The Odd Prime --
        It's the only even prime, therefore is odd.  QED.
3:  The True Prime --
        Lewis Carroll: "If I tell you three times, it's true."
31: The Arbitrary Prime --
        Determined by unanimous unvote.  We needed an arbitrary prime
        in case the prof asked for one, and so had an election.  91
        received the most votes (well, it *looks* prime) and 3+4i the
        next most.  However, 31 was the only candidate to receive none
        at all.

Since the composite numbers are formed from primes, their qualities are derived from those primes. So, for instance, the number 6 is "odd but true", while the powers of 2 are all extremely odd numbers. From: David J Corbett <djc123#NoSpam.student.canterbury.ac.nz> actually, 3+4i isn't prime either... (1-2i)*(-1+2i)=(3+4i)


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From: "James Glenn Davanna" <PHYJGD#NoSpam.phyfsa.phy.hw.ac.uk>

All the numbers went to a party and numbers being what they are, all
the evens stayed around each other and all the odds did the same and
neither group interacted with each other. Whilst two was chatting to
four he noticed zero was on his own in the corner and suggested to
four that because zero is sort of even he should be encouraged to mix
with even numbers - four agreed. So off went two to invite zero into
their little group. "Would you like to join our little group" enquired
two, to which zero replied "I have nothing to add!"

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From: John Blasik
It was mentioned on CNN that the new prime number discovered recently is
four times bigger than the previous record."

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From: Michael Wolf
You know what seems odd to me? Numbers that aren't divisible by two."

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From: Wayne Watson <mtnviews#NoSpam.earthlink.net>
A George Carlin joke

The Nobel Prize in mathematics was awarded yesterday to a California
professor who has discovered a new number. The number is "bleen", which he
says belongs between six and seven.

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From: Alan Craig <Alan.Craig#NoSpam.durham.ac.uk>

Mathematicians have announced the existence of a new whole number which lies between 27 and 28. "We don't know why it's there or what it does," says Cambridge mathematician, Dr. Hilliard Haliard, "we only know that it doesn't behave properly when put into equations, and that it is divisible by six, though only once."


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From: chrisman#NoSpam.ucdmath.ucdavis.edu (Mark Chrisman)

"The number you have dialed is imaginary.
Please rotate your phone 90 degrees and try again."


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October 15

Numb, adj., devoid of sensation...

Number, comparative of numb.

[Webster's Third New international Dictionary]


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March 14
From: feldco#NoSpam.aol.com (Zevra and his little green guy)

Special Category: Top Reasons
                  Top ten reasons why e is inferior to pi

10) e is less challenging to spell than pi.
9) e ~=2.718281828459045, which can be easily memorized to its billionth place,
whereas pi needs "skills" to be memorized.
8) The character for e is so cheap that it can be found on a keyboard. But
pi is special (it's under "special symbols" in word processor programs.)
7) Pi is the bigger piece of pie.
6) e has an easy limit definition and infinite series. The limit definition of
pi and the infinite series are much harder.
5) e you understand what it is even though you start learning it late when
you're in pre-calculus. But pi, even after five or six years it's still hard to
know what it really is.
4) People mistakenly confuse Euler's Number (e) with Euler's Constant (gamma).
There is no confusion with the one and only pi
3) e is named after a person, but pi stands for itself.
2) Pi is much shorter and easier to say than "Euler's Number".
1) To read pi, you don't have to know that Euler's name is really pronounced
Oiler.

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March 14
From: ejones#NoSpam.hooked.net (Earle Jones)

In Alaska, where it gets very cold, pi is only 3.00.  As you know,
everything shrinks in the cold.  They call it Eskimo pi.

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March 14
From: David C. Ullrich <ullrich#NoSpam.math.okstate.edu>

>On 27 Dec 2003 16:01:46 -0800, jhexxagon#NoSpam.shaw.ca (Jordan) wrote:
>
>How many digits of pi have you memorized? I did 100. The world record
>was set by Hiroyuki Goto of Japan with 42,195 digits!

I've memorized 100,000 digits. They're all 3. Of course I haven't
memorized exactly where they occur.

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From:Bill Taylor (wft#NoSpam.math.canterbury.ac.nz)

And God said "Let there be numbers", and there were numbers.
Odd and even created he them, and he said unto them be fruitful and multiply;
and he commanded them to keep the laws of induction.

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Prime time

The math faculty decided they got to too few first year students. So, they they made a television commercial to show had exciting mathematics can be. Too get the biggest audience it was scheduled at prime time: 2 o'clock, 3 o'clock, 5 o'clock, 7 o'clock and 11 o'clock.

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From: stan kegel <kegel#NoSpam.fea.net>, Puns of the weak
Numbers are friends, for me, more or less. It doesn't mean the same for
you, does it - 3,844? For you it's just a three and an eight and a four and
a four. But I say, "Hi! 62 squared." (William Kline)

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From: stan kegel <kegel#NoSpam.fea.net>, Puns of the weak

The Romans didn't find algebra very challenging, because X was always
10. (Aaron Dragushan)

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From: stan kegel <kegel#NoSpam.fea.net>, Puns of the weak

 "I wonder if there's a number between seven and nine," said Tom
 considerately. . (Fun With Words)

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March 14
From: stan kegel <kegel#NoSpam.fea.net>, Puns of the weak
"I worship the number 3.1415927," said Faith piously. (Simon Champion)

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March 14
                    Strange methods for calculation PI
With the method of Buffon the value of Pi can be calculated by throwing
 needles (length l) on a parquet floor with where the planks have a width
 of b.  The probability that a needle crosses two planks, with touching the
 border counting as a half needle, is 2l/(b pi)

The idea is that you use many needles of a reasonable measurement.  With a
1000 needles you might get it to the first decimal correct (3.1).

N. Gridgeman used 2 needles with a length of 78.5398 cm and planks with a
width of 1 m. With one of the needles touching the border of a plank and
the other not he got pi = (2 * 0.785398) / ( 1 * 1/2) = 3.141592.  Not bad
at all for two needles.

--

Another method method to calculate pi, discovered by Ernestor Cesॆro, is by
by using the fact that the probability that two random integers have no
common divisors is 6/pi^2.

Jiang Chuan divided the first 1250000 decimals of pi in parts of six
ciphers and and got pi=3.146634, which is correct to 2 places.

Based on Jean-Paul Delahaye, Het fascinerende getal pi,2004 (translation
of: Le fascinant nombre pi. 1997)

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March 14
The most boring book in the world is probably: J. Guilloud and M Bouyer,
1000 000 pi, commisariat ॆ l'फnergie Atomique, 1974.

The 415 pages contain the first million decimal of pi.
In case it interests you the last 5 decimals in the book are : 58151

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March 14
From: "Henry_Cate_III.PA"#NoSpam.XEROX.COM

The primary purpose of the DATA statement is to give names to
constants; instead of referring to pi as 3.141592653589793 at every
appearance, the variable PI can be given that value with a DATA
statement and used instead of the longer form of the constant.  This
also simplifies modifying the program, should the value of pi change.

		-- FORTRAN manual for Xerox Computers

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From: William Elliot <marsh#NoSpam.hevanet.remove.com>

We attempted a project to calculate 1/7 to infinite precision.

However, since 1/7 took to repeating itself, the good students doing the
calculation soon got bored and quit while the average students, induced
into helping with the calculations under promise that eventually the name
of their perfect mate would appear in the sequence of digits, found upon
dating the half dozen or more names that did appear, not to their liking,
also quit.  There is however much more to be done on this project, so we
are encouraging voluteers needing to know the latest results of 1/7, to
join in the effort.

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From: Jim Ferry <corklebath#NoSpam.hotmail.com>

153 and 641 were dating, and 153 said to 641, "I love you 641.  I love
how you're a sum of fourth powers.  I love how you're a divisor of a
Fermat number."

641 replied, "I, uh, I love you too, 153."

"Why do you love me, 641?" asked 153.

"Well, I uh, I love how you're the sum of the cubes of your digits."

"You don't love me!" cried 153.  "You just like my base ten
representation!"

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From: Jack Polihronov <j.polihronov#NoSpam.gmail.com>

List all permutations of {7,0,0}:
700, 070, James Bond


Question:
How do you read "700" backwards?
A: "James Bond"


by Jeliazko Polihronov


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